Phase II is described by which characteristics?

Phase II is described by which characteristics?

• A. Government-owned facilities, no private practices, increases life expectancy and decreases infant mortality.
• B. Free markets, changes to healthcare financing, less insurance and more out-of-pocket payments, decrease in surveillance.
• C. Five priorities of Phase III reform.
• D. It introduced universal health insurance by 2012.

Answer: (B)

Phase II reforms center on market-oriented changes in the health system, with a larger role for the private sector and shifts in who pays for care. Describing free markets and changes to financing signals a move away from a tightly controlled, publicly funded model toward market mechanisms. The note of less insurance and more out-of-pocket payments further reflects reduced public or comprehensive insurance coverage, while a decrease in government surveillance indicates lighter regulatory oversight. Together, these elements capture the phase where reform emphasizes market dynamics and reduced public provisioning. Descriptions of government-owned facilities with universal improvements or explicit universal insurance goals align more with other phases of reform, not Phase II.

Phase II reforms center on market-oriented changes in the health system, with a larger role for the private sector and shifts in who pays for care. Describing free markets and changes to financing signals a move away from a tightly controlled, publicly funded model toward market mechanisms. The note of less insurance and more out-of-pocket payments further reflects reduced public or comprehensive insurance coverage, while a decrease in government surveillance indicates lighter regulatory oversight. Together, these elements capture the phase where reform emphasizes market dynamics and reduced public provisioning. Descriptions of government-owned facilities with universal improvements or explicit universal insurance goals align more with other phases of reform, not Phase II.